Showing posts with label lewis and clark. Show all posts
Showing posts with label lewis and clark. Show all posts

The Course of Empire Review

The Course of Empire
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The Course of Empire ReviewOccasionally, I discover a book that is so great that I just want to grab my friends by the lapel and shout, "You just have to read this!" DeVoto in THE COURSE OF EMPIRES is not only highly informative, he has helped alter the way I view the course of American history and the way I view the geography of the United States. The book is not only informative and vision-altering: it is superbly well written. As a writer, Bernard DeVoto reminds me a great deal of Shelby Foote's historical work on the Civil War. Both DeVoto and Foote are novelists who brought their formidable literary skills to historical subject matter, and who framed their histories as narratives. Also like Foote, DeVoto never allows his narrative to overwhelm the history. At this point, this is my favorite book of all that I have read in 2002.
On one level, the content of this book is displayed by the maps that begin each chapter of the book: a topographical map of North America is shown, with the areas as yet unexplored by Europeans in a gray shade. With each successive chapter, less and less of the map is shrouded in gray. But in a way, this is deceptive, because, in fact, the book is less about the history of the exploration of the US than in illustrating the geographical logic of the landmass currently making up the core of the United States. Or, as DeVoto writes in the Preface, he wants to provide an extended gloss on some paragraphs of Lincoln's Second Address to the Nation (i.e., what today would be called his second State of the Union address). In that Address, Lincoln argues that the geography of the United States makes it impossible for there to exist more than one nation in the region. The notion of secession and the formation of a second nation is repudiated by the land itself, not merely the lack of natural barriers of one area from another, but the way in which the entire region was unbreakably linked together by the extensive river system in the American interior. Lincoln saw that the geography, the river system, made it inevitable that there would be but a single nation. In this way, Lincoln, like no American president since Polk and Jefferson, understood the logic of the land. DeVoto's primary task in his book, far more than recounting the history of the exploration of North America, is the elucidation of the fact that the United States was destined to be a single country, and why this was inevitable.
THE COURSE OF EMPIRE has the best maps I have ever seen in a history book. No matter what part of the book I was reading, it was possible to turn only a few pages away to find a map of the area under discussion. The only exception is near the very end of the book, where a key but cramped map of the Lewis and Clark expedition appears. It was, however, the only time that I had any trouble following one of the maps. Unfortunately, it was during the highpoint of the book: the recounting of Lewis and Clark's discovery of a route from the Missouri to the Columbia River, and the exploration of the region.
Although this is the third book in the trilogy of history books DeVoto wrote on the American West, this is the one that should be read first. Both ACROSS THE WIDE MISSOURI and YEAR OF DECISION: 1846 will be enriched by having read this one first. I heartily recommend that anyone with any interest in American history read this. For those especially interested in the American West, it is nothing short of essential.The Course of Empire Overview

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A Vast and Open Plain: The Writings of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in North Dakota, 1804-1806 Review

A Vast and Open Plain: The Writings of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in North Dakota, 1804-1806
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A Vast and Open Plain: The Writings of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in North Dakota, 1804-1806 ReviewClay Jenkinson's "A Vast and Open Plain" should be a great read - it includes day by day journal entries of the five journal keepers of one of the greatest expeditions in American history: the Corps of Discovery, who traveled from Saint Louis, up the Missouri River, across the Rocky Mountains, and then down to the Pacific Ocean - and back again, fighting weather, hostile inhabitants, rotting food, and uncharted wilderness. But I have two major problems with the book.
First is the endless notations by editor Clay Jenkinson. From his 35 page introduction (bear in mind this is a LARGE book, with rather small print in two columns) to his footnotes which frequently occupy more than half the page, he is everywhere, and the book tells more about him and his strong opinions than about the Lewis and Clark expedition. Second, with few exceptions, the three journalists who were not Lewis and Clark frequently seem to have compared notes; it is the rare day when one of them (usually Ordway) says something that no one else says, or even uses different wording.
One of the interesting things in the book is that weather observations are made each day (although temperature readings cease after the company's thermometer breaks); Lewis and Clark and their men apparently didn't realize either how hot or how cold what is now North Dakota could get, nor the number of mosquitoes that would plague them (when they leave Fort Mandan in April of 1805, there are days when literally the only thing remarked upon is the mosquitoes).
Another point of interest are the personal letters and the lists of provisions and trade goods provided in the book. The letters give a better idea of the inner life of both Meriwether Lewis and William Clark than their journals do; the journals, after all, were intended to be presented to President Thomas Jefferson when they returned to Washington, D.C. The list of goods, and the descriptions of whom they were for, and to whom they were ultimately given, tells us even more about the men of the expedition.
The journals entries make clear the feelings of the Americans towards the Native Americans they met along the way. By today's standards they were incredibly racist and intolerant, treating the people they met like (rather dim) children, and mocking their religious ceremonies. They seem to ignore the fact that without the help of those people, the expedition wouldn't have survived. But hindsight is generally clearer than the view on the trip, isn't it?
For historians and college students, this book might be a good gift. But for people looking for a good story, there are better Lewis and Clark books available. I realize that Jenkinson's intent was only to show what happened to the Corps of Discovery on the days they were in what is now North Dakota. But even the native North Dakotan feels cheated out of "the rest of the story" when the Corps moves into Montana and the entries end until the return in 1806.
If you're a Lewis and Clark fanatic and don't mind endless footnotes, and the wretched and inconsistent spelling of the journal keepers, this is the book for you. Most of us will find ourselves endlessly bored or annoyed, and only occasionally fascinated.A Vast and Open Plain: The Writings of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in North Dakota, 1804-1806 Overview

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